The Curious Engineer

All blogs / Reverse engineering

Ken Shirriff's blog

righto.com

Computer history, restoring vintage computers, IC reverse engineering, and whatever

Reverse engineeringElectronicsCPU / microarchitectureComputing history

’10’15’20’25
Posts
401 from 9 Feb 2008 to 18 Oct 2026
Posting
monthly (18 in the last year)
Kind
personal blog
Feed
http://www.righto.com/feeds/posts/default

2026 15

  1. Inside the Intel 8087 chip: floating-point addition and subtraction
  2. Inside a 1980s filter chip that uses switched capacitors
  3. Reverse-engineering the vintage Intel 8087's tangent algorithm: more than CORDIC
  4. Microcode in Intel's 8087 floating-point chip: the scale instruction
  5. Cores in space: The core memory module from a 1980 Spacelab computer
  6. Energizing a vacuum-tube flip-flop module from a 1948 IBM system
  7. Examining circuit boards from the Space Shuttle's I/O Processor
  8. The adder at the heart of Intel's 8087 floating-point chip
  9. Powering up a module from the IBM 604: an electronic calculator from 1948
  10. Microcode inside the Intel 8087 floating-point chip: register exchange
  11. Reverse engineering circuitry in a Spacelab computer from 1980
  12. The electromechanical angle computer inside the B-52 bomber's star tracker
  13. The rise and fall of IBM's 4 Pi aerospace computers: an illustrated history
  14. Instruction decoding in the Intel 8087 floating-point chip
  15. Notes on the Intel 8086 processor's arithmetic-logic unit

2025 22

  1. Conditions in the Intel 8087 floating-point chip's microcode
  2. The stack circuitry of the Intel 8087 floating point chip, reverse-engineered
  3. Unusual circuits in the Intel 386's standard cell logic
  4. Solving the NYTimes Pips puzzle with a constraint solver
  5. A Navajo weaving of an integrated circuit: the 555 timer
  6. Why do people keep writing about the imaginary compound Cr2Gr2Te6?
  7. Here be dragons: Preventing static damage, latchup, and metastability in the 386
  8. A CT scanner reveals surprises inside the 386 processor's ceramic package
  9. How to reverse engineer an analog chip: the TDA7000 FM radio receiver
  10. Reverse engineering the mysterious Up-Data Link Test Set from Apollo
  11. Inside the Apollo "8-Ball" FDAI (Flight Director / Attitude Indicator)
  12. Reverse engineering the 386 processor's prefetch queue circuitry
  13. The absurdly complicated circuitry for the 386 processor's registers
  14. A tricky Commodore PET repair: tracking down 6 1/2 bad chips
  15. Notes on the Pentium's microcode circuitry
  16. A USB interface to the "Mother of All Demos" keyset
  17. The Pentium contains a complicated circuit to multiply by three
  18. The origin and unexpected evolution of the word "mainframe"
  19. Interesting BiCMOS circuits in the Pentium, reverse-engineered
  20. Reverse-engineering a carry-lookahead adder in the Pentium
  21. It's time to abandon the cargo cult metaphor
  22. Pi in the Pentium: reverse-engineering the constants in its floating-point unit

2024 21

  1. Intel's $475 million error: the silicon behind the Pentium division bug
  2. Antenna diodes in the Pentium processor
  3. Wealth distribution in the United States
  4. Reverse-engineering a three-axis attitude indicator from the F-4 fighter plane
  5. Inside a ferroelectric RAM chip
  6. The Pentium as a Navajo weaving
  7. Inside the guidance system and computer of the Minuteman III nuclear missile
  8. Reverse engineering the 59-pound printer onboard the Space Shuttle
  9. Inside an IBM/Motorola mainframe controller chip from 1981
  10. Standard cells: Looking at individual gates in the Pentium processor
  11. Inside the tiny chip that powers Montreal subway tickets
  12. Inside a vintage aerospace navigation computer of uncertain purpose
  13. Talking to memory: Inside the Intel 8088 processor's bus interface state machine
  14. Inside an unusual 7400-series chip implemented with a gate array
  15. The Intel 8088 processor's instruction prefetch circuitry: a look inside
  16. The first microcomputer: The transfluxor-powered Arma Micro Computer from 1962
  17. Inside the mechanical Bendix Air Data Computer, part 5: motor/tachometers
  18. Reverse-engineering an analog Bendix air data computer: part 4, the Mach section
  19. Reverse engineering standard cell logic in the Intel 386 processor
  20. Reverse engineering CMOS, illustrated with a vintage Soviet counter chip
  21. Inside the mechanical Bendix Air Data Computer, part 3: pressure transducers

2023 35

  1. Interesting double-poly latches inside AMD's vintage LANCE Ethernet chip
  2. The transparent chip inside a vintage Hewlett-Packard floppy drive
  3. Two interesting XOR circuits inside the Intel 386 processor
  4. Reverse engineering the barrel shifter circuit on the Intel 386 processor die
  5. Inside the Intel 386 processor die: the clock circuit
  6. Reverse engineering the Intel 386 processor's register cell
  7. Reverse-engineering Ethernet backoff on the Intel 82586 network chip's die
  8. Examining the silicon dies of the Intel 386 processor
  9. Reverse-engineering the mechanical Bendix Central Air Data Computer
  10. How flip-flops are implemented in the Intel 8086 processor
  11. Tracing the roots of the 8086 instruction set to the Datapoint 2200 minicomputer
  12. A close look at the 8086 processor's bus hold circuitry
  13. Undocumented 8086 instructions, explained by the microcode
  14. Reverse-engineering the 8086 processor's address and data pin circuits
  15. The complex history of the Intel i960 RISC processor
  16. The Group Decode ROM: The 8086 processor's first step of instruction decoding
  17. Reverse-engineering the division microcode in the Intel 8086 processor
  18. The microcode and hardware in the 8086 processor that perform string operations
  19. Reverse-engineering the Globus INK, a Soviet spaceflight navigation computer
  20. Reverse-engineering the multiplication algorithm in the Intel 8086 processor
  21. Reverse-engineering the register codes for the 8086 processor's microcode
  22. Reverse-engineering the electronics in the Globus analog navigational computer
  23. How the 8086 processor determines the length of an instruction
  24. Reverse-engineering the ModR/M addressing microcode in the Intel 8086 processor
  25. Reverse-engineering the interrupt circuitry in the Intel 8086 processor
  26. Reverse-engineering an electromechanical Central Air Data Computer
  27. Silicon reverse-engineering: the Intel 8086 processor's flag circuitry
  28. Understanding the x86's Decimal Adjust after Addition (DAA) instruction
  29. Reverse-engineering the Intel 8086 processor's HALT circuits
  30. Reverse-engineering the conditional jump circuitry in the 8086 processor
  31. Inside the Globus INK: a mechanical navigation computer for Soviet spaceflight
  32. Counting the transistors in the 8086 processor: it's harder than you might think
  33. Reverse-engineering an airspeed/Mach indicator from 1977
  34. The 8086 processor's microcode pipeline from die analysis
  35. Inside the 8086 processor's instruction prefetch circuitry

2022 18

  1. How the 8086 processor's microcode engine works
  2. A bug fix in the 8086 microprocessor, revealed in the die's silicon
  3. The unusual bootstrap drivers inside the 8086 microprocessor chip
  4. Reverse-engineering a 1960s cordwood flip flop module with X-ray CT scans
  5. Reverse-engineering the Apollo spacecraft's FM radio
  6. X-ray reverse-engineering a hybrid module from 1960s Apollo test equipment
  7. Talking with the Moon: Inside Apollo's premodulation processor
  8. The digital ranging system that measured the distance to the Apollo spacecraft
  9. Reverse-engineering the LM185 voltage reference chip and its bandgap reference
  10. Reverse-engineering a mysterious Univac computer board
  11. Inside the Apple-1's shift-register memory
  12. Inside the Apple-1's unusual MOS clock driver chip
  13. Reverse-engineering the waveform generator in a 1969 breadboard
  14. A look inside the chips that powered the landmark Polaroid SX-70 instant camera
  15. Yamaha DX7 chip reverse-engineering, part 6: the control registers
  16. Yamaha DX7 chip reverse-engineering, part V: the output circuitry
  17. Simulating the IBM 360/50 mainframe from its microcode
  18. Silicon die teardown: a look inside an early 555 timer chip

2021 26

  1. Christmas shopping the IBM way: computerized gift selection in 1962
  2. Reverse-engineering a tiny 1980s chip that plays Christmas tunes
  3. Yamaha DX7 chip reverse-engineering, part 4: how algorithms are implemented
  4. Yamaha DX7 reverse-engineering, part III: Inside the log-sine ROM
  5. The Yamaha DX7 synthesizer's clever exponential circuit, reverse-engineered
  6. Reverse-engineering the Yamaha DX7 synthesizer's sound chip from die photos
  7. Reverse-engineering an unusual IBM modem board from 1965
  8. Reverse-engineering a vintage power supply chip from die photos
  9. Inside a 20-Watt Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier from Apollo
  10. "Space age electronics": Inside a GE thin-film paperweight from the 1960s
  11. Deep dive into how the Teensy microcontroller interacts with the Arduino library
  12. Inside a transistorized shift register box, built in 1965 for Apollo testing
  13. Teardown of a PC power supply
  14. Reverse-engineering a vintage OR/NOR chip
  15. Reverse-engineering a vintage comparator chip
  16. Teardown of a logic chip from a vintage IBM ES/9000 mainframe
  17. Two dies in one package: Teardown of a vintage ROM with double the storage
  18. Reverse-engineering the standard-cell logic inside a vintage IBM chip
  19. Germanium transistors: logic circuits in the IBM 1401 computer
  20. Strange chip: Teardown of a vintage IBM token ring controller
  21. Booting the IBM 1401: How a 1959 punch-card computer loads a program
  22. Teardown of a quartz crystal oscillator and the tiny IC inside
  23. A one-bit processor explained: reverse-engineering the vintage MC14500B
  24. IBM paperweight teardown: Reverse-engineering 1970s memory chips
  25. Examining a technology sample kit: IBM components from 1948 to 1986
  26. Reverse-engineering a low-power LED flasher chip

2020 33

  1. Reverse-engineering an early calculator chip with four-phase logic
  2. Reverse-engineering the clock chip in the first MOS calculator
  3. Reverse engineering RAM storage in early Texas Instruments calculator chips
  4. Reverse-engineering the classic MK4116 16-kilobit DRAM chip
  5. Reverse-engineering the carry-lookahead circuit in the Intel 8008 processor
  6. Inside the stacked RAM modules used in the Apple III
  7. How the bootstrap load made the historic Intel 8008 processor possible
  8. How to multiply currents: Inside a counterfeit analog multiplier
  9. HP Nanoprocessor part II: Reverse-engineering the circuits from the masks
  10. Reverse-engineering the first FPGA chip, the XC2064
  11. Inside the HP Nanoprocessor: a high-speed processor that can't even add
  12. Reverse-engineering the 8086's Arithmetic/Logic Unit from die photos
  13. Inside a counterfeit 8086 processor
  14. How the 8086 processor handles power and clock internally
  15. Latches inside: Reverse-engineering the Intel 8086's instruction register
  16. Reverse-engineering the adder inside the Intel 8086
  17. Inside the 8086 processor, tiny charge pumps create a negative voltage
  18. The Intel 8086 processor's registers: from chip to transistors
  19. Die shrink: How Intel scaled down the 8086 processor
  20. Reverse-engineering and comparing two Game Boy audio amplifier chips
  21. A look at the die of the 8086 processor
  22. Die analysis of the 8087 math coprocessor's fast bit shifter
  23. Extracting ROM constants from the 8087 math coprocessor's die
  24. Tiny transformer inside: Decapping an isolated power transfer chip
  25. Reverse-engineering the audio amplifier chip in the Nintendo Game Boy Color
  26. Inside the Am2901: AMD's 1970s bit-slice processor
  27. A circuit board from the Saturn V rocket, reverse-engineered and explained
  28. Repairing a vintage 40-kilovolt xenon lamp igniter
  29. Inside a Titan missile guidance computer
  30. The Delco Magic line of aerospace computers
  31. Looking inside a vintage Soviet TTL logic integrated circuit
  32. The core memory inside a Saturn V rocket's computer
  33. Inside the digital clock from a Soyuz spacecraft

2019 18

  1. Understanding and repairing the power supply from a 1969 analog computer
  2. TROS: How IBM mainframes stored microcode in transformers
  3. IBM, sonic delay lines, and the history of the 80×24 display
  4. How "special register groups" invaded computer dictionaries for decades
  5. A visit to the Large Scale Systems Museum
  6. A computer built from NOR gates: inside the Apollo Guidance Computer
  7. Reverse-engineering precision op amps from a 1969 analog computer
  8. Risky line printer music on a vintage IBM mainframe
  9. Reliable after 50 years: The Apollo Guidance Computer's switching power supplies
  10. Looking inside a 1970s PROM chip that stores data in microscopic fuses
  11. Apollo Guidance Computer: Dipstiks and reverse engineering the core rope simulator
  12. Bitcoin mining on an Apollo Guidance Computer: 10.3 seconds per hash
  13. Software woven into wire: Core rope and the Apollo Guidance Computer
  14. A look at IBM S/360 core memory: In the 1960s, 128 kilobytes weighed 610 pounds
  15. Iconic consoles of the IBM System/360 mainframes, 55 years old
  16. Op amp on the Moon: Reverse-engineering a hybrid op amp module
  17. Inside the Apollo Guidance Computer's core memory
  18. Accounting machines, the IBM 1403, and why printers standardized on 132 columns

2018 17

  1. Hammer time: fixing the printer on a vintage IBM 1401 mainframe
  2. Two bits per transistor: high-density ROM in Intel's 8087 floating point chip
  3. Bad relay: Fixing the card reader for a vintage IBM 1401 mainframe
  4. The printer that wouldn't print: Fixing an IBM 1401 mainframe from the 1960s
  5. Glowing mercury thyratrons: inside a 1940s Teletype switching power supply
  6. Inside the die of Intel's 8087 coprocessor chip, root of modern floating point
  7. Silicon die analysis: inside an op amp with interesting "butterfly" transistors
  8. Inside the 76477 Space Invaders sound effect chip: digital logic implemented with I2L
  9. Using an FPGA to generate raw VGA video:FizzBuzz with animation
  10. A 1970s disk drive that wouldn't seek: getting our Xerox Alto running again
  11. Reading a VGA monitor's configuration data with I2C and a PocketBeagle
  12. Implementing FizzBuzz on an FPGA
  13. Repairing the card reader for a 1960s mainframe: cams, relays and a clutch
  14. IBM mainframe tube module part II: Powering up and using a 1950s key debouncer
  15. Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a gateway with a BeagleBone
  16. An 8-tube module from a 1954 IBM mainframe examined: it's a key debouncer
  17. Xerox Alto zero-day: cracking disk password protection on a 45 year old system

2017 21

  1. Repairing a 1960s mainframe: Fixing the IBM 1401's core memory and power supply
  2. Repairing a 1960s-era IBM keypunch: controlled by mechanical tabs and bars
  3. Creating a Christmas card on a vintage IBM 1401 mainframe
  4. Decoding an air conditioner control's checksum with differential cryptanalysis
  5. Hands-on with the PocketBeagle: a $25 Linux computer with lots of I/O pins
  6. Fixing the Ethernet board from a vintage Xerox Alto
  7. Identifying the "Early IBM Computer" in a Twitter photo: a 405 Accounting Machine
  8. Steve Jobs, the Xerox Alto, and computer typography
  9. The Xerox Alto, Smalltalk, and rewriting a running GUI
  10. Inside the vintage Xerox Alto's display, a tiny lightbulb keeps it working
  11. Examining a vintage RAM chip, I find a counterfeit with an entirely different die inside
  12. Inside Intel's first product: the 3101 RAM chip held just 64 bits
  13. Bitcoin mining on a vintage Xerox Alto: very slow at 1.5 hashes/second
  14. Improvements to the Xerox Alto Mandelbrot drop runtime from 1 hour to 9 minutes
  15. One-hour Mandelbrot: Creating a fractal on the vintage Xerox Alto
  16. Reverse engineering the 76477 "Space Invaders" sound effect chip from die photos
  17. 1950's tax preparation: plugboard programming with an IBM 403 Accounting Machine
  18. Inside the vintage 74181 ALU chip: how it works and why it's so strange
  19. Analyzing the vintage 8008 processor from die photos: its unusual counters
  20. Reverse-engineering the surprisingly advanced ALU of the 8008 microprocessor
  21. Inside the 74181 ALU chip: die photos and reverse engineering

2016 34

  1. Die photos and analysis of the revolutionary 8008 microprocessor, 45 years old
  2. Superbeta transistors inside: Die photos and analysis of the LM108 op amp
  3. Inside a RFID race timing chip: die photos of the Monza R6
  4. Simulating a Xerox Alto with the ContrAlto simulator: games and Smalltalk
  5. Restoring YC's Xerox Alto day 10: New boards, running programs, mouse problems
  6. Restoring YC's Xerox Alto day 9: tracing a crash through software and hardware
  7. How I added 6 characters to Unicode (and you can too)
  8. Restoring a vintage Xerox Alto day 8: it boots!
  9. Sonicare toothbrush teardown: microcontroller, H bridge, and inductive charging
  10. Restoring a Xerox Alto day 7: experiments with disk and Ethernet emulators
  11. How to run C programs on the BeagleBone's PRU microcontrollers
  12. Restoring YC's Xerox Alto: how our boot disk was trashed with random data
  13. Restoring YCombinator's Xerox Alto day 6: Fixed a chip, data read from disk
  14. Lacking safety features, cheap MacBook chargers create big sparks
  15. Restoring YCombinator's Xerox Alto day 5: Microcode tracing with a logic analyzer
  16. PRU tips: Understanding the BeagleBone's built-in microcontrollers
  17. The BeagleBone's I/O pins: inside the software stack that makes them work
  18. Restoring Y Combinator's Xerox Alto, day 4: What's running on the system
  19. Restoring Y Combinator's Xerox Alto, day 3: Inside the disk drive
  20. Restoring Y Combinator's Xerox Alto, day 2: Repairing the display
  21. "Hello world" in the BCPL language on the Xerox Alto simulator
  22. Inside the tiny RFID chip that runs San Francisco's "Bay to Breakers" race
  23. Restoring Y Combinator's Xerox Alto, day 1: Power supplies and disk interface
  24. Y Combinator's Xerox Alto: restoring the legendary 1970s GUI computer
  25. Inside card sorters: 1920s data processing with punched cards and relays
  26. Reverse engineering the popular 555 timer chip (CMOS version)
  27. Counterfeit Macbook charger teardown: convincing outside but dangerous inside
  28. Reverse engineering the ARM1 processor's microinstructions
  29. 555 timer teardown: inside the world's most popular IC
  30. Reverse engineering ARM1 instruction sequencing, compared with the Z-80 and 6502
  31. The ARM1 processor's flags, reverse engineered
  32. Conditional instructions in the ARM1 processor, reverse engineered
  33. More ARM1 processor reverse engineering: the priority encoder
  34. Counting bits in hardware: reverse engineering the silicon in the ARM1 processor

2015 12

  1. Reverse engineering the ARM1, ancestor of the iPhone's processor
  2. Creating high resolution integrated circuit die photos with Hugin or ICE
  3. Macbook charger teardown: The surprising complexity inside Apple's power adapter
  4. Understanding silicon circuits: inside the ubiquitous 741 op amp
  5. Qui-binary arithmetic: how a 1960s IBM mainframe does math
  6. Fixing the core memory in a vintage IBM 1401 mainframe
  7. Examining the core memory module inside a vintage IBM 1401 mainframe
  8. Bitcoin mining on a 55 year old IBM 1401 mainframe: 80 seconds per hash
  9. The Texas Instruments TMX 1795: the (almost) first, forgotten microprocessor
  10. 12-minute Mandelbrot: fractals on a 50 year old IBM 1401 mainframe
  11. A database of SMS cards: The technology inside IBM's 1960s mainframes
  12. How to display the Bitcoin symbol using a webfont

2014 13

  1. Inside the Intel 1405: die photos of a shift register memory from 1970
  2. Down to the silicon: how the Z80's registers are implemented
  3. Mining Bitcoin with pencil and paper: 0.67 hashes per day
  4. Why the Z-80's data pins are scrambled
  5. Reverse engineering a counterfeit 7805 voltage regulator
  6. Reverse-engineering the TL431: the most common chip you've never heard of
  7. iPad charger teardown: inside Apple's charger and a risky phony
  8. The programming error that cost Mt Gox 2609 bitcoins
  9. Bitcoin mining the hard way: the algorithms, protocols, and bytes
  10. Hidden surprises in the Bitcoin blockchain and how they are stored: Nelson Mandela, Wikileaks, photos, and Python software
  11. The Bitcoin malleability attack graphed hour by hour
  12. Bitcoin transaction malleability: looking at the bytes
  13. Bitcoins the hard way: Using the raw Bitcoin protocol

2013 24

  1. How Hacker News ranking really works: scoring, controversy, and penalties
  2. The Z-80's 16-bit increment/decrement circuit reverse engineered
  3. The Z-80 has a 4-bit ALU. Here's how it works.
  4. Intel x86 documentation has more pages than the 6502 has transistors
  5. Reverse-engineering the Z-80: the silicon for two interesting gates explained
  6. 9 Hacker News comments I'm tired of seeing
  7. Reverse-engineering the 8085's decimal adjust circuitry
  8. Reverse-engineering and simulating Sinclair's amazing 1974 calculator with half the ROM of the HP-35
  9. I wouldn't have given a nickel for their stock: Visiting Apple in 1976
  10. Simulating a TI calculator with crazy 11-bit opcodes
  11. Reverse-engineering the 8085's ALU and its hidden registers
  12. Four Rigol oscilloscope hacks with Python
  13. Reverse-engineering the flag circuits in the 8085 processor
  14. Twelve tips for using the Rigol DS1052E Oscilloscope
  15. The Mili universal car/wall USB charger, tested in the lab
  16. Teardown and exploration of Apple's Magsafe connector
  17. Tenma 72-7740 multimeter: review and teardown
  18. Wealth distribution in the United States
  19. The 8085's register file reverse engineered
  20. 8085 instruction set: the octal table
  21. Silicon reverse engineering: The 8085's undocumented flags
  22. Inside the ALU of the 8085 microprocessor
  23. Notes on the PLA on the 8085 chip
  24. The 6502 CPU's overflow flag explained at the silicon level

2012 10

  1. The 6502 overflow flag explained mathematically
  2. JavaScript on the go: Programming from your phone
  3. Teardown of the mysterious KMS 4-port USB charger
  4. Obama on sorting 1M integers: Bubble sort the wrong way to go
  5. How to create a new schematic symbol in the Eagle editor
  6. Spectral analysis with the Tektronix 5000 oscilloscope
  7. A dozen USB chargers in the lab: Apple is very good, but not quite the best
  8. Apple iPhone charger teardown: quality in a tiny expensive package
  9. Tiny, cheap, and dangerous: Inside a (fake) iPhone charger
  10. Apple didn't revolutionize power supplies; new transistors did

2011 11

  1. JavaScript secrets of Bret Victor's homepage
  2. A new multi-branch algorithm to render rational-exponent Mandelbrot fractals: Part I
  3. Cells are very fast and crowded places
  4. The Mathematics of Volleyball
  5. My 0.015 minutes of fame on CNN
  6. My Knuth reward check
  7. The Endeavour delay: Complexity, the APU, and the Load Control Assembly
  8. Solving a math problem of Schrödinger (Part II)
  9. IPv6 web serving with Arc or Python: adventures in IPv6
  10. Solving a math problem of Schrödinger with Arc and Python
  11. IPv6 killed my computer: Adventures in IPv6

2010 22

  1. Solving edge-match puzzles with Arc and backtracking
  2. 64-bit RC6 codes, Arduino, and Xbox remotes
  3. Control your mouse with an IR remote
  4. IRremote library now runs on the Teensy, Arduino Mega, and Sanguino
  5. Testing the Arduino IR remote library
  6. Improved Arduino TV-B-Gone
  7. Inside the Firesheep code: how it steals your identity
  8. A visit from The Great Internet Migratory Box of Electronics Junk
  9. Car radio repair made difficult
  10. Getting the (literal) bugs out of a driveway gate controller
  11. Using Arc to decode Venter's secret DNA watermark
  12. Decoding the secret DNA code in Venter's synthetic bacterium
  13. Your relationship: mathematically doomed or not?
  14. USB Panic Button with Linux and Python
  15. Spanish vocabulary from "Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal"
  16. Viking Dishwasher Fault Codes
  17. Understanding Sony IR remote codes, LIRC files, and the Arduino library
  18. Some similar and confusing Spanish words
  19. Detecting an IR Beam Break with the Arduino IR Library
  20. Fixing my Concertmate MG-1 Synth
  21. Don't walk! Controlling a pedestrian sign with an Arduino
  22. Using arbitrary remotes with the Arduino IRremote library

2009 22

  1. Arc beats Python for a web-controlled stereo
  2. TV-B-Gone for the Arduino
  3. Controlling your stereo over the web with the Arduino infrared library
  4. Lorem Ipsue: when internationalization goes bad
  5. Notes on dual-booting Windows 7 and Linux
  6. IR Bubbles: Controlling a relay with an Arduino and an IR remote
  7. Simple genome analysis with Arc: In which I examine the XMRV genome and discover little of interest
  8. An Arduino universal remote: record and playback IR signals
  9. A Multi-Protocol Infrared Remote Library for the Arduino
  10. Arc + Arduino + ARM: Temperature monitoring
  11. World's smallest Arc server
  12. Secrets of Arduino PWM
  13. Arduino + SheevaPlug = Cool Hardware Platform
  14. Inside the news.yc ranking formula
  15. What's new in arc3?
  16. Arc errors (slightly) demystified
  17. F# for Cheapskates
  18. Why Unicode is important
  19. The Y Combinator in Arc and Java
  20. Readline support for Arc
  21. Simple Cryptanalysis with Arc
  22. QR codes in Lego

2008 27

  1. The rise of scripting languages and the fall of Java
  2. Why your favorite language is unpopular
  3. "Maxwell's equations of software" examined
  4. Why Arc is good for video games
  5. Using OpenGL with Arc
  6. Why Arc is bad for exploratory programming
  7. The importance of software testing
  8. Idioms for programming in Arc
  9. Many Arc compilers and interpreters
  10. Ajax and Arc
  11. Documentation of HTML generation in the Arc language
  12. Continuations made difficult
  13. Documentation for (almost) all of Arc
  14. Arc: popular since 2004!
  15. "Even tried multi" error explained
  16. Arc continuation puzzle
  17. Lots more documentation
  18. I/O in the Arc language
  19. Internals of places and setforms
  20. Arc documentation table of contents
  21. Arc assignment and places documentation
  22. Arc internals part 2: Macros
  23. Arc template documentation
  24. Git and the Anarki Arc repository: a brief guide
  25. What's new in arc2
  26. The foundation of Arc: Documentation
  27. Arc Internals, Part 1